Governance

World Boxing publishes Strategic Plan 2024-28

March 28, 2024

World Boxing, the new International Federation set-up to ensure boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic Movement, has published its Strategic Plan 2024-28.

The plan was formally approved by World Boxing’s members at its inaugural Congress and details how the organisation will: keep boxing at the heart of the Olympic movement; ensure the interests of boxers are put first; deliver sporting integrity and fair competitions; create a competition structure designed in the best interests of the boxers and operate according to strong governance standards and transparent financial management.

The plan is built around the delivery of five strategic objectives and sets out a series of action plans detailing how it will:

Establish World Boxing as a recognised credible organisation
Operate best practice governance
Deliver world standard competitions
Increase the worldwide media exposure of boxing
Achieve financial stability and sustainability

It contains sections on World Boxing as a business, the core business product of boxing and details the vision, mission and values of World Boxing.

Simon Toulson, Secretary General, World Boxing, said: “Since it was publicly launched in April 2023 World Boxing has achieved an enormous amount in a short time. It has established itself as a credible international sports organisation with nearly 30 member National Federations from all five Continents and staged its inaugural Congress in which it held open, transparent and fair elections that mean World Boxing now has a high-quality Executive Board with many years of boxing experience.

“The Strategy sets out a roadmap for how World Boxing will build on this and deliver on its central goals of ensuring its creates a better future for the sport and ensures boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic Movement.”

World Boxing’s Strategic Plan 2024-28 can be viewed here.

World Boxing’s Executive Board approves the nominations of Tammara Thibeault and Caitlin Parker to join its Athlete Committee

March 6, 2024

Canada’s Tammara Thibeault and Caitlin Parker from Australia have joined World Boxing’s Athlete Committee after their nominations were approved at a recent meeting of its Executive Board.

The pair, who both competed at the 2020 Olympic Games and have qualified for Paris 2024, join Athlete Representatives, Lauren Price and Richard Torrez Jr, who sit on World Boxing’s Executive Board, to form a cohort of boxers that will strengthen the athlete focus of the organisation.

The Athletes Committee is responsible for representing the views of boxers worldwide and providing advice, guidance and opinions to World Boxing. The members of the Athletes Committee are regularly consulted on relevant matters to ensure the views of boxers are reflected in World Boxing’s decision making. They also represent the organisation publicly and are invited to attend and contribute to meetings of the Executive Board and the World Boxing Congress.

The two new additions to the Athletes Committee both compete at middleweight (75kg) and have previously boxed each other, most recently in the semi-final of the Birmingham 2022 Commonwealth Games when the Canadian edged the bout and went on to take gold.

Tammara Thibeault is also the current 2023 Pan-American Games champion and won gold at the 2022 world championships in Istanbul. In addition to her bronze from Birmingham, Caitlin Parker, won a silver medal at the 2018 Commonwealth Games and a bronze at the 2014 Youth Olympics.

Tammara Thibeault said: “I am honoured to be a part of World Boxing’s future and thrilled to have the opportunity to contribute to the effort to keeping Olympic boxing in the Games. As we manage this significant shift in our sport’s leadership, it is up to athletes like us to speak for future generations. In this new chapter of amateur boxing history, I am dedicated to bringing about change through integrity and excellence.”

Caitlin Parker added: “I am looking forward to positively contributing to the future of World Boxing, as we work together to secure boxing as part of the Olympic programme.”

Both boxers were approved as members of the Athlete Committee at the most recent meeting of the World Boxing Executive Board on 26 February 2024.

The Executive Board meeting made decisions on a wide range of measures to enable the organisation to build on the success it has achieved since it was publicly launched in April 2023. They included:

World Boxing’s Strategic Plan 2024-2028 was formally approved. This will be published shortly on the World Boxing website
The approval of World Boxing’s new Competition Rules which will be published shortly on the World Boxing website
The new certification process for Referees and Judges (R and J’s) was formally approved and will be rolled-out amongst National Federation from March 2024 onwards
It was confirmed that the next World Boxing Cup event will be in the USA in April 2024 and that discussions are at an advanced stage with a member country to host the season finale of this competition in November or December 2024
An update was provided on recent meetings hosted by members of the Executive Board with key sporting stakeholders in Lausanne
A series of decisions were made in relation to key committees:
- Boxing Scotland board member, Daryl Broadfoot, was added to the Marketing and Commercial Development Commission
- The Sports and Competition Committee was given the go ahead to create two sub-commissions, a Technical Commission and a Coaches Commission, for which member National Federation will be asked to submit suitable candidates
- The composition of the Continental Confederation Commission was approved by the Executive Board
- The Medical and Anti-Doping Committee committed to hold a face-to-face meeting at the next World Boxing Cup event in the USA
- The Finance Committee outlined the financial planning and auditing process

Boris van der Vorst, President of World Boxing said: “Ensuring the views of athletes are at the centre of decision making is core to World Boxing’s way of working and it is fantastic that we have been able to attract two such high calibre candidates as Tammara and Caitlin to join the organisation. They have both achieved a great deal, inside and outside of the ring, and I am sure they will make a fantastic contribution to the future development of World Boxing.

“As the outputs from Executive Board meeting demonstrate World Boxing continues to make excellent progress across all aspects of its operations, including competition delivery, officiating, commercial activities and continuing to enhance the infrastructure of our organisation.

“We have come a long way in a very short space of time and I have no doubt, that with the ongoing support of our colleagues and our members, World Boxing will continue to go from strength-to-strength as we work towards our goal of ensuring boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic Movement.”

World Boxing was launched in April 2023 and aims to ensure that boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic movement. It will seek recognition from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and plans to work constructively and collaboratively to develop a pathway that will preserve boxing’s ongoing place on the Olympic competition programme at Los Angeles 2028 and beyond.

27 National Federations, covering every continent that participates in Olympic-style boxing are members of World Boxing. The first cohort was made-up of USA Boxing, New Zealand Boxing, Boxing Australia, GB Boxing, England Boxing and the Dutch Boxing Federation. They were joined in August 2023 by the National Federations for boxing in Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Germany, Honduras and Sweden. The next two groups to join included Denmark, Mongolia, Panama, French Polynesia, Finland, Iceland, Jamaica, Nigeria, Norway and the Czech Republic. The most recent cohort of members in October 2023 was comprised of Philippines, Scotland, Wales, Suriname and the US Virgin Islands.

Boris van der Vorst elected first President of World Boxing at inaugural Congress

November 25, 2023

Boris van der Vorst has been elected as the first President of World Boxing at its inaugural Congress in Frankfurt.

The Dutchman secured 63 per cent of the vote against Elise Seignolle from USA Boxing and will serve an initial two-year term.

In his inaugural Presidential speech following the election, Boris van der Vorst, said: “I am humbled and honoured to have been elected President of World Boxing and I would like to thank everyone that has supported me in recent weeks and over the last few years. My campaign was based on the principles integrity, honesty and trust and I will continue to promote these values within our growing boxing family.

“Making sure boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic Movement is our number one priority and I look forward to working together with the newly elected board and all of our member National Federations to help us deliver this.”

The Presidential election was one of a series of votes at the Congress which covered a range of positions including three Vice Presidents (VP), four places on World Boxing’s Executive Board and the Chairs of the Sport and Competition Committee, the Medical and Anti-Doping Committee and the Finance and Audit Committee.

Three women and five men took part in the Vice Presidential elections which saw Canada’s Ryan O’Shea, Matt Holt from GB Boxing and the CEO of Boxing Australia, Dinah Glykidis emerge with the most votes to secure the three places.

The four candidates elected to the Executive Board were: Michael Muller from Germany, Victorico Vargas from the Philippines, Sweden’s Susanne Karrlander and Marcos Candido de Brito of Brazil.

In the election to chair World Boxing Committees, Hernan Salvo or Argentina secured the role as Chair of Sport and Competition Committee; Dr Armando Sanchez from the USA got the most to Chair the Medical and Anti-Doping Committee and Julia Felton from Australia will Chair the Finance and Audit Committee.

The 11 winners in today’s elections will form a 14-person Executive Board, along with the two Athlete Representatives, Lauren Price and Richard Torrez Jr, and the Secretary General, Simon Toulson.

The Vice Presidents and Executive Board members will serve terms of two or four years. The difference in the length of terms is designed to enhance democratic accountability and means that World Boxing will hold elections every two years.

The Congress was attended by 26 of World Boxing’s 27 member countries. Delegates had one or two votes in line with the policies set out in the World Boxing statutes.

The Secretary General of World Boxing, Simon Toulson, said: “The inaugural Congress is a very significant milestone in the development of World Boxing and to have so many members attend in person, is a sign of people’s commitment to the organisation and everything we are trying to achieve for the sport.

“Hosting open, fair and transparent elections is a central element of World Boxing’s commitment to operating to the highest standards of governance and today’s events today have shown that the organisation is delivering on this commitment and I look forward to working with the newly appointed Executive Board and to help create a better future for the sport.”

A full list of the people elected to office is below:

Office	Name	Length of term
President	Boris van der Vorst (NED)	Two years
Vice President	Ryan O’Shea (CAN)	Two years
Vice President	Matt Holt (GB)	Four years
Vice President	Dinah Glykidis (AUS)	Four years
Executive Board	Michael Muller (GER)	Two years
Executive Board	Victorico Vargas (PHI)	Four years
Executive Board	Suzanne Karrlander (SWE)	Two years
Executive Board	Marcos Candido de Brito (BRA)	Two years
Chair Sport and Competition Committee	Hernan Salvo (ARG)	Four years
Chair, Chair Medical and Anti-Doping	Dr Armando Sanchez (USA)	Four years
Chair Finance and Audit Committee	Julia Felton (AUS)	Four years

First commerical partnership for World Boxing sees it agree a four-year sponsorship deal for Sting to become its Official Competition Equipment Supplier

November 24, 2023

World Boxing, the new international federation established to keep boxing at the heart of the Olympic Movement, has agreed its first commercial partnership with Sting, one of the world’s leading manufacturers and suppliers of premium boxing kit and equipment.

The exclusive, four-year sponsorship deal means Sting will become World Boxing’s Official Competition Equipment Supplier and provide all the gloves, protective clothing, handwraps and training equipment used by boxers during tournaments including the World Boxing Cup series and the U19 and elite World Boxing Championships.

The agreement, which was formally signed at World Boxing’s inaugural Congress in Frankfurt (24-25 November 2023), will also see Sting provide expertise and advice on the development of competition equipment and contribite to the work of World Boxing’s Sport and Competition Committee. As part of this, both parties have also committed to explore the use of Artificial Intellgience (AI) in the development of intelligent kit for fitness.

World Boxing’s Secretary General, Simon Toulson, said: “Signing our first commerical partnership with one of the world’s top suppliers of premium boxing equipment is extremely positive for World Boxing. It shows that leading boxing brands like Sting share our values and principles and want to be associated with World Boxing as they believe in what we are trying to achieve for the sport and everyone connected with it.

“This will significantly enhance the quality and prestige of our competitions and is great news for all of the boxers using Sting equipment in World Boxing tournaments in the coming years, as they know they will be competing with top quality products and equipment.”

Amir Anis, Managing Director, Sting International, added: “It is great for Sting to be World Boxing’s first commercial partner and we are very excited to agree this four-year sponsorship deal that will ensure boxers competing at World Boxing events will have access to the safest and best equipment which will enable them to perform at their best and achieve their full potential.”

Sting is a supplier of premium boxing equipment for Olympic boxers, professionals and fitness participants. Products include gloves, protective equipment, coaching products, accessories and punch bags which use the best materials, the latest design techniques and the most skilled craftsmen to create items of unrivalled quality. Sting was the official kit supplier for boxing to the 2016 Rio Olympic Games and has supply agreements with numerous leading National Federations including Australia, England, Germany, Scotland, USA and GB Boxing.

World Boxing announces 2024 competition calendar and opens bidding process for elite and U19 world championships

November 23, 2023

World Boxing, the new international federation established to keep boxing at the heart of the Olympic Movement, has announced a competition calendar for 2024 and opened the bidding process for its first two global tournaments.

The competition calendar details the events World Boxing will deliver in association with member National Federations in 2024 and includes two new competition formats, the World Boxing Cup and the World Boxing Challenge.

The event bidding process invites expressions of interest from countries that have the capability to host the U19 World Boxing Championships in November 2024, and the first Elite World Boxing Championships in November 2025. Both events will include male and female weight categories.

National Federations interested in hosting either the 2024 U19 World Boxing Championships or the 2025 Elite World Boxing Championships can request further information by contacting info@worldboxing.org.

Simon Toulson, Secretary General, World Boxing explained: “Providing high-quality competiton opportunities that enable boxers to develop and progress is central to the work of World Boxing and, by working with key stakeholders, National Federations and trusted organisations, we have developed a calendar that will make this possible.

“The growth in our membership means World Boxing is now represented on every continent that participates in the sport. It has enabled us to begin the planning process for staging world championships and we look forward to receiving expressions of interest from cities and countries that are keen to work with us on hosting these events in 2024 and 2025.”

The tournament calendar for 2024 has been created to ensure that boxers from National Federations aligned to World Boxing have a range of competitive opportunities in the next 12 months. The calendar also references the Paris Olympic Qualification Tournaments as World Boxing members are eligible to compete in these events as part of the pathway to the 2024 Olympic Games.

Boxers from countries that are members of World Boxing can compete in all World Boxing tournaments. To ensure that competitions are inclusive, boxers from countries that are not members can take part in events that take place before the 2024 Olympic Games, provided it has been approved by the Executive Board of World Boxing.

The two new formats, World Boxing Cup and World Boxing Challenge, have been designed in the interests of boxers and will provide a better structure and greater meaning to the current calendar in Olympic-style boxing by bringing a common standard to the existing network of international tournaments staged by National Federations.

The World Boxing Cup is a new, annual competition series in which elite male and female boxers will accrue ranking points over several stages of competition throughout the calendar year. It will culminate in a year-end Finals event in which the stage winners and other top-ranked boxers will compete for the main trophy.

The publication of the competition calendar was welcomed Tokyo 2020, middleweight gold medallist, Lauren Price, who is an Athlete Representatives on the World Boxing Executive Board. Price said: “Providing high-quality, international competition opportunities is central to supporting the development of boxers as it enables them to work on their their skills against a wide variety of opponents and styles.

“The World Boxing calendar and the two new formats it has created will provide a better structure and greater meaning to the existing circuit of international tournaments which will benefit the boxers by giving them goals, titles and rewards to aim towards in the course of the year.”

Stage one of the World Boxing Cup 2024 will be held in England, 16-21 January 2024. This event is a new addition to the international boxing calendar and will be delivered by GB Boxing and England Boxing in association with World Boxing.

The second stage of the World Boxing Cup 2024 will be in Pueblo, Colorado in the USA in April. It will be followed by two further rounds of the competition and culminate in the World Boxing Cup Finals in late 2024.

The World Boxing Challenge is designed to provide a structure to the existing calendar of smaller competitions delivered by National Federations. Ranking points will be awarded to boxers based on their performances at these events which will count towards their eligibility to compete in the World Boxing Cup and other major tournaments including Continental and World Championships.

Making these existing events part of a wider, more meaningful, competition structure with longevity over the course of the year will enhance their profile and prominence.

In the build-up to Paris 2024, the weight categories at World Boxing’s senior elite competitions will mirror the 13 classes that will be used at the Olympic Games.

Simon Toulson, Secretary General, World Boxing added: “The creation of new competiton formats shows that we are delivering a structure that works for boxers and will benefit the sport.

“As World Boxing grows as an organisation, we will add to the calender with the creation of more competitions at all levels. These will become part of a dedicated, regular and reliable schedule of events that boxers and coaches can have faith will take place when they are scheduled to and will enable them to develop and improve as athletes.”

Full details of the calendar and a list of the scheduled competitions are available HERE.

An FAQ containing further details of World Boxings competition calendar is available HERE.

Beyond the confirmed events in England and the USA, World Boxing is in discussions with potential hosts for World Boxing Cup and World Boxing Challenge events in 2024.

Timelines and processes for bidding for events will be transparent, timely and fair. Decisions on hosting and timing will be made in the interests of boxers.

All the World Boxing competitions will be subject to independent, third-party scrutiny of the processes for selecting technical officials, including referees and judges, to ensure sporting integrity and deliver fair competition for the boxers.

27 candidates from 14 countries will contest elections at World Boxing’s inaugural Congress in Frankfurt on 24 and 25 November 2023

October 27, 2023

Twenty-seven candidates from 14 countries will contest the elections for office at World Boxing’s inaugural Congress in Frankfurt am Main on 24 and 25 November 2023.

In line with the processes set-out in World Boxing’s Statutes, Rules for Electoral Voting and Rules for Candidates of Elections (HERE), all of the candidates, which include seven women, have been assessed and cleared to stand by an independent Vetting Panel of three independent, external experts and supported by the leading independent provider of sport-specific arbitration and mediation services, Sport Resolutions.

As part of the World Boxing’s commitment to transparency and rigorous governance, key papers from the Congress including a full list of candidates and details of their relevant experience and expertise can be viewed HERE.

The 27 National Federations that have had their applications to become members of World Boxing approved are eligible to participate in the inaugural Congress which will host elections for the positions of President and Vice President (VP); places on World Boxing’s Executive Board; and the Chairs of the Committees for Sport and Competition, Medical and Anti-Doping, and Finance and Audit.

The elections will be held on Saturday 25 November 2023 and overseen by an experienced, independent, third-party organisation. Scrutineers will be onsite to validate the veracity of the election processes and ensure candidates are treated in a fair and equitable manner.

Full members will have two or three votes depending on their compliance with the voting rules detailed in World Boxing’s statutes HERE. Associate members have been able to nominate candidates for the elections but are not eligible to vote.

The elections for all of the leading positions of office will be contested. For the office of President, there are two candidates: Elise Seignolle, who has held a variety of senior positions within USA Boxing over the last six years, and the former President (2014 – 2023) of the Dutch Boxing Federation, Boris van der Vorst.

Nine candidates (three women and six men) are standing for the three VP positions. Fifteen people (10 men and five women) will contest the four available places on World Boxing’s Executive Board. A full list of all the candidates taking part in the World Boxing elections can be viewed HERE.

The Secretary General of World Boxing, Simon Toulson, said: “Holding open, fair and transparent elections is a central element of World Boxing’s commitment to operating to the highest standards of governance. The call for candidates has received an excellent response from members and it is a very positive sign to see that all of the major office bearing positions within the organisation will be fairly contested by a diverse range of nominees.

“The candidates that have been cleared to stand by the independent Vetting Panel are of the highest calibre, both in terms of their experience and capabilities and also their commitment to upholding the principles of integrity, honesty and excellence on which World Boxing has been founded.

“I have no doubt that every candidate has the potential to make a very positive contribution to the future development of the organisation and can play an important role in helping us to ensure that boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic movement.”

World Boxing was launched in April 2023. It will seek recognition from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and plans to work constructively and collaboratively to develop a pathway that will preserve boxing’s ongoing place on the Olympic competition programme at Los Angeles 2028 and beyond.

World Boxing to hold inaugural Congress in Frankfurt am Main on 24 and 25 November 2023

September 27, 2023

World Boxing, the new international federation established to keep boxing at the heart of the Olympic Movement, will hold its inaugural Congress at the Mainarcaden Venue in Frankfurt am Main, Germany on 24 and 25 November 2023.

The Congress will host World Boxing’s first ever elections when members will vote for a range of offices including President, Vice President (VP) and places on World Boxing’s Executive Board along with the Chairs of the Sport and Competition Committee, the Medical and Anti-Doping Committee and the Finance and Audit Committee.

Frankfurt am Main has been specifically chosen as the location for World Boxing’s first elections owing to its historical significance as the cradle of the German democratic movement and the place (Frankfurter Nationalversammlung) where the first freely elected parliament for all German states first sat in May 1848.

All of the National Federations that have joined World Boxing will be eligible to take part in the Congress and vote in the elections which have received more than 40 nominations, from 18 countries across four continents, for the Executive positions.

In line with the processes set-out in World Boxing’s Statutes, Rules for Electoral Voting and Rules for Candidates of Elections (HERE), the candidates are currently being assessed for eligibility by an independent Vetting Panel. The Vetting Panel is made-up of three independent, external experts that do not have any involvement or knowledge of World Boxing and is supported by the leading independent provider of sport-specific arbitration and mediation services, Sport Resolutions.

Once the vetting process has been completed a final list of eligible candidates will be published in October 2023, no later than 30 days before the elections take place.

World Boxing’s members will have two or three votes depending on their compliance with the voting rules detailed in World Boxing’s statutes (HERE).

The elections will be overseen by an experienced, independent, third-party organisation. Scrutineers will be onsite to ensure the veracity of the election processes and that candidates are treated in a fair and equitable manner.

Simon Toulson, Secretary General, World Boxing, said: “Hosting its inaugural Congress and holding open, fair and transparent elections will be a significant milestone in the evolution of World Boxing and demonstrate that the organisation is delivering on its commitment to the principles of integrity, honesty and excellence.

“We have a number of excellent candidates and the support we have received from high calibre National Federations to participate in the Congress is a clear indication of the desire for change and determination to deliver a better future that exists across international boxing.

“By holding its first elections in a city which is so historically linked to the principles of democratic process, we aim to send out a strong signal about the way that World Boxing will operate and the values that it stands for as an organisation.”

The Secretary General of the German Boxing Association, Michael Mueller, added: “Hosting this inaugural Congress in Germany is a sign of our federation’s commitment to supporting the goals of World Boxing and working closely with this new international federation and all of our fellow members to ensure the future of Olympic boxing for all our athletes.”

World Boxing boosts its Executive Board with a two new appointments

September 26, 2023

World Boxing, the new international federation established to ensure boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic Movement, has added two new members to its Executive Board (EB), Dinah Glykidis, Chief Executive of Boxing Australia and Marketa Haindlova, who is the Founder and Principal of an International Law Firm specialising in sport.

The pair have extensive experience in a wide variety of sports executive roles and were unanimously appointed following a request by World Boxing to National Federations asking them to nominate individuals with the skills and expertise to make a positive contribution to the work of the EB.

Dinah Glykidis has been the CEO of Boxing Australia for three years and is responsible for the leadership and strategic direction of the organisation. Under her leadership, the federation has made progress in a number of areas including improvements in the provision of medical services, the introduction of new committees, the establishment of partnerships to improve governance and regulation and the creation of new initiatives to enhance Boxing Australia’s pathways programme.

JUDr. Marketa Vochoska Haindlova LL.M. is an attorney and sports executive. She is the founder and principal of an international law firm, Marketa Haindlova, specialising in sports law and has specific expertise in governance and dispute resolution. In parallel to her legal practice, Marketa has extensive executive experience in governance and sports diplomacy and has previously served as Chair of the Board of Appeal and Review of the Football Association of the Czech Republic. She co-founded the Czech Association of Football Players and is a member of the Expert Group of the National Council for Sport, a Board member of both the National Court of Arbitration for Sport in the Czech Republic and the FIFPRO Division Europe Executive Board. Since July 2023, she has been a member of the UEFA Fair Play and Social Responsibility Committee.

The new additions mean World Boxing’s EB is made-up of 12 men and women from 9 countries across four continents. It includes two Athlete Representatives: Tokyo 2020, middleweight gold medallist, Lauren Price from Wales, and the USA’s super-heavyweight silver medallist, Richard Torrez Jr.

The 12 men and women will serve as members of the EB on an interim basis until the organisation’s inaugural Congress in November 2023 when they will have the opportunity to stand for election to the EB, which will be voted-on by the membership of World Boxing.

Dinah Glykidis, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Boxing Australia, said: “It is vitally important that boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic Movement and I am delighted to have the opportunity to play my part in making sure this happens. World Boxing offers hope of a better future for everyone connected with the sport and I am looking forward to working with my colleagues to create an international federation that we can all be proud of that puts the interests of boxers at the heart of decision making.”

Marketa Haindlova commented: “Boxing is one of the world’s most traditional sports and has always been an integral and valued member of the world’s sport community. Many international sport organizations today face significant challenges and threats and I am very proud to be part of an organisation, in World Boxing, that is proactively addressing these while embracing the key values of fair play and transparent governance. World Boxing has been set-up to preserve the integrity of boxing and enable it to grow and I look forward to contributing to this process.”

World Boxing was launched in April 2023 and aims to ensure that boxing remains at the heart of the Olympic Movement. It will seek recognition from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and plans to work constructively and collaboratively to develop a pathway that will preserve boxing’s ongoing place on the Olympic competition programme at Los Angeles 2028 and beyond.